UI 工具

adk-ui crate 让 AI Agent 能够通过工具调用动态生成丰富的用户界面。Agent 可以渲染表单、卡片、提醒、表格、图表等内容,并通过类型安全的 Rust API 序列化为 JSON,供前端使用。

您将构建什么

ADK UI Agent

核心概念:

  • 表单 - 使用不同字段类型收集用户输入
  • 卡片 - 显示信息和操作按钮
  • 表格 - 以行和列呈现结构化数据
  • 图表 - 使用柱状图、折线图、面积图和饼图可视化数据
  • 提醒 - 显示通知和状态消息
  • 模态框 - 提供确认对话框和聚焦式交互
  • Toast 通知 - 显示简短的状态通知
  • 协议互操作 - 将 UI 输出为 A2UI、AG-UI 或 MCP Apps 负载

示例:分析仪表板

ADK UI Analytics

示例:注册表单

ADK UI Registration


工作原理

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ STEP 1: User requests something                                             │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                             │
│   User: "I want to register for an account"                                 │
│                                                                             │
│                              ↓                                              │
│                                                                             │
│   ┌──────────────────────────────────────┐                                  │
│   │         AI AGENT (LLM)              │                                  │
│   │  "I should show a registration form" │                                  │
│   └──────────────────────────────────────┘                                  │
│                                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
                              ↓
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ STEP 2: Agent calls render_form tool                                        │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                             │
│   📞 Tool Call: render_form({                                               │
│     title: "Registration",                                                  │
│     fields: [                                                               │
│       {name: "email", type: "email"},                                       │
│       {name: "password", type: "password"}                                  │
│     ]                                                                       │
│   })                                                                        │
│                                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
                              ↓
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ STEP 3: Frontend renders the form                                           │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                             │
│   ┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────┐                       │
│   │  📋 Registration                               │                       │
│   │  ────────────────────────────────────────────  │                       │
│   │  Email:    [________________________]          │                       │
│   │  Password: [________________________]          │                       │
│   │                                                │                       │
│   │  [           Register           ]              │                       │
│   └─────────────────────────────────────────────────┘                       │
│                                                                             │
│   ✅ User sees an interactive form, fills it out, clicks Register           │
│                                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
                              ↓
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│ STEP 4: Form submission sent back to agent                                  │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                             │
│   📩 Event: {                                                               │
│     type: "form_submit",                                                    │
│     data: { email: "user@example.com", password: "***" }                    │
│   }                                                                         │
│                                                                             │
│   Agent: "Great! I'll process your registration and show a success alert"  │
│                                                                             │
│   📞 Tool Call: render_alert({                                              │
│     title: "Registration Complete!",                                        │
│     variant: "success"                                                      │
│   })                                                                        │
│                                                                             │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

概述

UI 工具让 Agent 能够:

  • 通过支持文本区域的动态表单收集用户输入
  • 使用卡片、提醒和通知显示信息
  • 使用表格和交互式图表(Recharts)呈现数据
  • 显示进度和加载状态(spinner、skeleton)
  • 使用多个组件创建仪表板布局
  • 通过模态框请求用户确认
  • 使用 Toast 通知显示状态更新

快速开始

添加到您的 Cargo.toml

[dependencies]
adk-ui = { git = "https://github.com/zavora-ai/adk-ui" }
adk-agent = "2.0.0"
adk-model = "2.0.0"

Basic Usage

use adk_rust::prelude::*;
use adk_ui::UiToolset;
use std::sync::Arc;

#[tokio::main]
async fn main() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error>> {
    let model = Arc::new(GeminiModel::from_env("gemini-2.5-flash")?);

    // Get all 10 UI tools
    let ui_tools = UiToolset::all_tools();

    // Create AI agent with UI tools
    let mut builder = LlmAgentBuilder::new("ui_agent")
        .model(model)
        .instruction(r#"
            You are a helpful assistant that uses UI components to interact with users.
            Use render_form for collecting information.
            Use render_card for displaying results.
            Use render_alert for notifications.
            Use render_modal for confirmation dialogs.
            Use render_toast for brief status messages.
        "#);

    for tool in ui_tools {
        builder = builder.tool(tool);
    }

let agent = builder.build()?;
Ok(())
}

A2UI JSONL (render_screen / render_page / render_kit)

这些工具输出 A2UI v0.9 JSONL,以兼容 A2UI 渲染器。

render_screen (single surface)

{
  "surface_id": "main",
  "components": [
    { "id": "root", "component": "Column", "children": ["title", "cta"] },
    { "id": "title", "component": "Text", "text": "Welcome", "variant": "h1" },
    { "id": "cta_label", "component": "Text", "text": "Continue", "variant": "body" },
    { "id": "cta", "component": "Button", "child": "cta_label", "action": { "event": { "name": "continue" } } }
  ]
}

render_page (multi-section page)

{
  "title": "Release Notes",
  "description": "Highlights for the latest launch.",
  "sections": [
    {
      "heading": "What’s new",
      "body": "Three big improvements shipped this week.",
      "bullets": ["Faster onboarding", "Better search", "New dashboards"],
      "actions": [{ "label": "View details", "action": "view_details", "variant": "borderless" }]
    }
  ]
}

render_kit (目录 + 令牌 + 模板)

{
  "name": "Fintech Pro",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "brand": { "vibe": "trustworthy", "industry": "fintech" },
  "colors": { "primary": "#2F6BFF" },
  "typography": { "family": "Source Sans 3" },
  "templates": ["auth_login", "dashboard"]
}

使用 React 渲染器来消费 A2UI JSONL:

import {
  A2uiStore,
  A2uiSurfaceRenderer,
  applyParsedMessages,
  parseJsonl,
} from "@zavora-ai/adk-ui-react";

const store = new A2uiStore();
const parsed = parseJsonl(jsonl);
applyParsedMessages(store, parsed);

export function App() {
  return <A2uiSurfaceRenderer store={store} surfaceId="main" />;
}

可用工具

render_form

渲染交互式表单以收集用户输入。

{
  "title": "Registration Form",
  "description": "Create your account",
  "fields": [
    {"name": "username", "label": "Username", "type": "text", "required": true},
    {"name": "email", "label": "Email", "type": "email", "required": true},
    {"name": "password", "label": "Password", "type": "password", "required": true},
    {"name": "newsletter", "label": "Subscribe to newsletter", "type": "switch"}
  ],
  "submit_label": "Register"
}

渲染为:

┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│  📋 Registration Form                          │
│  Create your account                           │
│  ─────────────────────────────────────────────  │
│                                                │
│  Username *                                    │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │                                         │   │
│  └─────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                                │
│  Email *                                       │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │                                         │   │
│  └─────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                                │
│  Password *                                    │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │ ••••••••                                │   │
│  └─────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                                │
│  Subscribe to newsletter  [○]                  │
│                                                │
│  ┌─────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │             Register                    │   │
│  └─────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                                                │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────┘

字段类型text, email, password, number, date, select, multiselect, switch, slider, textarea

render_card

显示信息卡,可带可选操作按钮。

{
  "title": "Order Confirmed",
  "description": "Order #12345",
  "content": "Your order has been placed successfully. Expected delivery: Dec 15, 2025.",
  "actions": [
    {"label": "Track Order", "action_id": "track", "variant": "primary"},
    {"label": "Cancel", "action_id": "cancel", "variant": "danger"}
  ]
}

按钮变体primary, secondary, danger, ghost, outline

render_alert

显示通知和状态消息。

{
  "title": "Payment Successful",
  "description": "Your payment of $99.00 has been processed.",
  "variant": "success"
}

变体info, success, warning, error

render_confirm

在操作前请求用户确认。

{
  "title": "Delete Account",
  "message": "Are you sure you want to delete your account? This action cannot be undone.",
  "confirm_label": "Delete",
  "cancel_label": "Keep Account",
  "variant": "danger"
}

render_table

显示表格数据。

{
  "title": "Recent Orders",
  "columns": [
    {"header": "Order ID", "accessor_key": "id"},
    {"header": "Date", "accessor_key": "date"},
    {"header": "Amount", "accessor_key": "amount"},
    {"header": "Status", "accessor_key": "status"}
  ],
  "data": [
    {"id": "#12345", "date": "2025-12-10", "amount": "$99.00", "status": "Delivered"},
    {"id": "#12346", "date": "2025-12-11", "amount": "$149.00", "status": "Shipped"}
  ]
}

render_chart

创建数据可视化。

{
  "title": "Monthly Sales",
  "chart_type": "bar",
  "x_key": "month",
  "y_keys": ["revenue", "profit"],
  "data": [
    {"month": "Jan", "revenue": 4000, "profit": 2400},
    {"month": "Feb", "revenue": 3000, "profit": 1398},
    {"month": "Mar", "revenue": 5000, "profit": 3800}
  ]
}

图表类型bar, line, area, pie

render_progress

显示任务进度,可包含可选步骤。

{
  "title": "Installing Dependencies",
  "value": 65,
  "description": "Installing package 13 of 20...",
  "steps": [
    {"label": "Download", "completed": true},
    {"label": "Extract", "completed": true},
    {"label": "Install", "current": true},
    {"label": "Configure", "completed": false}
  ]
}

render_layout

创建包含多个部分的仪表板布局。

{
  "title": "System Status",
  "description": "Current system health overview",
  "sections": [
    {
      "title": "Services",
      "type": "stats",
      "stats": [
        {"label": "API Server", "value": "Healthy", "status": "operational"},
        {"label": "Database", "value": "Degraded", "status": "warning"},
        {"label": "Cache", "value": "Down", "status": "error"}
      ]
    },
    {
      "title": "Recent Errors",
      "type": "table",
      "columns": [{"header": "Time", "key": "time"}, {"header": "Error", "key": "error"}],
      "rows": [{"time": "10:30", "error": "Connection timeout"}]
    }
  ]
}

部分类型stats, table, chart, alert, text

render_modal

显示模态对话框,用于确认或聚焦交互。

{
  "title": "Confirm Deletion",
  "message": "Are you sure you want to delete this item? This action cannot be undone.",
  "size": "medium",
  "closable": true,
  "confirm_label": "Delete",
  "cancel_label": "Cancel",
  "confirm_action": "delete_confirmed"
}

尺寸small, medium, large, full

render_toast

显示简短的 Toast 通知以更新状态。

{
  "message": "Settings saved successfully",
  "variant": "success",
  "duration": 5000,
  "dismissible": true
}

变体info, success, warning, error

筛选工具

仅选择您的 agent 所需的工具:

let toolset = UiToolset::new()
    .without_chart()      // Disable charts
    .without_table()      // Disable tables
    .without_progress()   // Disable progress
    .without_modal()      // Disable modals
    .without_toast();     // Disable toasts

// Or use forms only
let forms_only = UiToolset::forms_only();

处理 UI 事件

当用户与渲染的 UI 交互时(提交表单、点击按钮),事件会发送回 agent:

use adk_ui::{UiEvent, UiEventType};

// UiEvent structure
pub struct UiEvent {
    pub event_type: UiEventType,  // FormSubmit, ButtonClick, InputChange
    pub action_id: Option<String>,
    pub data: Option<HashMap<String, Value>>,
}

// Convert to message for agent
let message = ui_event.to_message();

流式 UI 更新

对于实时 UI 更新,使用 UiUpdate 通过 ID 修补组件:

use adk_ui::{UiUpdate, UiOperation};

let update = UiUpdate {
    target_id: "progress-bar".to_string(),
    operation: UiOperation::Patch,
    payload: Some(Component::Progress(Progress {
        id: Some("progress-bar".to_string()),
        value: 75,
        label: Some("75%".to_string()),
    })),
};

操作Replace, Patch, Append, Remove

组件架构

所有 28 种组件类型都支持可选的 id 字段,用于流式更新:

原子组件:Text, Button, Icon, Image, Badge 输入组件:TextInput, NumberInput, Select, MultiSelect, Switch, DateInput, Slider, Textarea 布局组件:Stack, Grid, Card, Container, Divider, Tabs 数据组件:Table, List, KeyValue, CodeBlock 可视化组件:Chart (通过 Recharts 实现的柱状图、折线图、面积图、饼图) 反馈组件:Alert, Progress, Toast, Modal, Spinner, Skeleton

React 客户端

独立的 adk-ui 仓库中提供了参考的 React 实现:

npm install @zavora-ai/adk-ui-react

React 客户端包括:

  • TypeScript 与 Rust 模式匹配的类型
  • 支持所有 28 种类型的组件渲染器
  • Recharts 集成,用于交互式图表
  • Markdown 渲染支持
  • 暗模式支持
  • 表单提交处理
  • 模态框和 Toast 组件

架构

Agent ──[render_* tool]──> UiResponse (JSON)
                              │
                              │ SSE
                              ▼
                         Client (React)
                              │
                              └──> UiEvent (user action) ──> Agent

协议互操作

所有 13 种渲染工具都通过 protocol 参数支持协议感知输出:

协议描述
a2uiA2UI v0.9 对齐的 JSONL 接口 (render_screenrender_page 的默认值)
ag_ui混合 AG-UI 支持:默认兼容性封装,加上附加的协议原生运行时传输,适用于 adk-server 客户端
mcp_apps兼容性 MCP 应用负载与 ui:// 资源、附加桥接助手、通知流、运行时请求字段,以及 HTML/资源适配器

protocol 被省略时,工具使用其默认输出格式(大多数工具使用旧版 UiResponse JSON,A2UI 用于 render_screen/render_page/render_kit)。

协议选择示例:

{
  "protocol": "mcp_apps",
  "mcp_apps": {
    "resource_uri": "ui://demo/surface"
  }
}

互操作适配器

adk-ui 包含用于协议转换的适配器原语:

  • A2uiAdapter — 将规范表面转换为 A2UI JSONL
  • AgUiAdapter — 转换为 AG-UI 事件负载
  • McpAppsAdapter — 转换为 MCP Apps 资源负载

它们实现了一个共享的 UiProtocolAdapter trait,以实现在所有工具之间的一致转换。

弃用时间表

旧版 adk_ui runtime profile 包含弃用元数据:

日期里程碑
2026-02-07弃用公告
2026-12-31停用目标

替代方案:a2uiag_uimcp_apps

这些元数据通过 UI_PROTOCOL_CAPABILITIES 常量公开,并由 adk-server/api/ui/capabilities 提供。 能力响应还会报告 implementationTierspecTracksummarylimitations,帮助客户端区分混合或兼容性子集与完全原生的协议支持。

adk-server 作为面向主机的边界时,它还会在 /api/ui/initialize/api/ui/message/api/ui/update-model-context/api/ui/notifications/poll/api/ui/notifications/resources-list-changed/api/ui/notifications/tools-list-changed 提供额外的 MCP Apps 桥接辅助端点。这些端点保留现有 ADK 运行时契约,并接受直接请求正文或使用 ui/... 方法的类 JSON-RPC 信封。

对于运行时消费者,adk-server 还支持:

  • x-adk-ui-transport: protocol_nativeuiTransport: "protocol_native" 用于 AG-UI 原生 SSE 序列化
  • 通过 input / agUiInput 实现 AG-UI 双路径请求输入,与现有 newMessage 并存
  • 通过 mcpAppsInitializemcpAppsRequestmcpAppsInitialized/api/run_sse 内部实现 MCP Apps 桥接信封

这些新增功能是可选的。现有的 /api/run/api/run_sse 消费者将继续接收通用 ADK 包装器,除非他们明确请求原生 AG-UI 传输模式。

对于框架拥有的 MCP Apps 工具响应,adk-server::ui_types 现在公开了:

  • McpUiBridgeSnapshot 用于类型化的主机/应用桥接状态
  • McpUiToolResult 用于附加响应信封
  • McpUiToolResultBridge 用于桥接元数据 (protocolVersion, structuredContent, hostInfo, hostCapabilities, hostContext, appInfo, appCapabilities, initialized)

优先使用 McpUiBridgeSnapshot::build_tool_result(...) 将 bridge/session state 提升为 tool response。这标准化了 tool-result shape,同时保留了 resourceUri 和 inline html 回退,以适应兼容性优先的主机。

对于嵌入式或浏览器主机映射,additive HTTP bridge 对应于 host/app flows 如下:

  • ui/initialize -> /api/ui/initialize
  • ui/message -> /api/ui/message
  • ui/update-model-context -> /api/ui/update-model-context
  • notifications/resources/list_changed -> /api/ui/notifications/resources-list-changed
  • notifications/tools/list_changed -> /api/ui/notifications/tools-list-changed
  • 排队的主机通知 -> /api/ui/notifications/poll

Direct /api/ui/* bridge endpoints 是 MCP Apps hosts 的首选生命周期路径。Runtime-side MCP Apps request fields 仍然可用作混合或传统客户端的 additive 兼容性路径。

示例

独立的 adk-ui repo 包含可运行的 UI 示例:

示例描述Run Command
ui_agent控制台演示cargo run --bin ui_agent
ui_serverHTTP 服务器与 SSEcargo run --bin ui_server
ui_react_clientReact 前端cd ui_react_client && npm run dev

运行这些示例,来自 adk-ui 仓库,以便 Rust 和 React 包保持在同一发布线上。

示例提示

使用这些提示测试 UI 工具:

# Forms
"I want to register for an account"
"Create a contact form"
"Create a feedback form with a comments textarea"

# Cards
"Show me my profile"
"Display a product card for a laptop"

# Alerts
"Show a success message"
"Display a warning about expiring session"

# Modals
"I want to delete my account" (shows confirmation modal)
"Show a confirmation dialog before submitting"

# Toasts
"Show a success toast notification"
"Display an error toast"

# Tables
"Show my recent orders"
"List all users"

# Charts
"Show monthly sales chart"
"Display traffic trends as a line chart"
"Show revenue breakdown as a pie chart"

# Progress & Loading
"Show upload progress at 75%"
"Display a loading spinner"
"Show skeleton loading state"

# Dashboards
"Show system status dashboard"

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